Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean have reduced maternal and child mortality significantly over the past two decades. But many mothers and children continue to die from preventable causes, particularly in low-income and marginalized populations. To address this problem, a high-level conference was convened in Panama City, September 10-12, hosted by the Government of Panama and organized by a partnership of seven international agencies. Its goal was to mobilize the region to rapidly reduce disparities that contribute to maternal and child mortality and to strengthen regional cooperation to improve maternal and child health.